This is a list of resources to identify indentured servants
(Further research may be necessary to find a qualifying ancestor)
Please forward any resources that you have found helpful
Online resources
General Bibliography: Immigrant Arrivals: A Guide To Published Sources
National Search: Immigrant Servants Database
England to New World: Registers of Servants Sent to Foreign Plantations, 1654 - 1686 (from Bristol, Middlesex, London)
Maine: See file below
Maine: The Dunbar Diaspora: Background to the Battle of Dunbar, and the Aftermath of the Battle
Maryland: The New Early Settlers of Maryland (use servant as a keyword in the search)
Massachusetts: The Dunbar Diaspora: Background to the Battle of Dunbar, and the Aftermath of the Battle
Massachusetts (Plymouth Colony): Servants and Masters in Plymouth Colony
New Hampshire: See file below
New Hampshire: The Dunbar Diaspora: Background to the Battle of Dunbar, and the Aftermath of the Battle
Pennsylvania, Chester County: Indentured Servants Complaints 1700-1855
National Search: Immigrant Servants Database
England to New World: Registers of Servants Sent to Foreign Plantations, 1654 - 1686 (from Bristol, Middlesex, London)
Maine: See file below
Maine: The Dunbar Diaspora: Background to the Battle of Dunbar, and the Aftermath of the Battle
Maryland: The New Early Settlers of Maryland (use servant as a keyword in the search)
Massachusetts: The Dunbar Diaspora: Background to the Battle of Dunbar, and the Aftermath of the Battle
Massachusetts (Plymouth Colony): Servants and Masters in Plymouth Colony
New Hampshire: See file below
New Hampshire: The Dunbar Diaspora: Background to the Battle of Dunbar, and the Aftermath of the Battle
Pennsylvania, Chester County: Indentured Servants Complaints 1700-1855
Print resources
Ballagh, James Curtis, White Servitude in the Colony of Virginia (2001)
Boyle, Joseph Lee, "Apt to get drunk at all Opportunities": White Pennsylvania Runaways, 1750-1762 (2015)
Boyle, Joseph Lee, "Drinks hard, and swears much" White Maryland Runaways, 1770-1774 (2010)
Boyle, Joseph Lee, “Fond of liquor, dancing and gaming”: New-York Runaways, 1769-1783 (2020)
Boyle, Joseph Lee, “Given to drinking and whoring”: White Maryland Runaways, 1720-1762 (2013)
Boyle, Joseph Lee, “great Lovers of Drink.” White New Jersey Runaways, 1720-1766 (2018)
Boyle, Joseph Lee, “He is a person of very ill fame”: New-England Runaways, 1755-1768 (2021)
Boyle, Joseph Lee, “Lazy, loves strong Drink, and is a Glutton”: White Pennsylvania Runaways, 1720-1749 (2015)
Boyle, Joseph Lee, “Much addicted to strong drink and swearing”: White Pennsylvania Runaways, 1769-1772 (2016)
Boyle, Joseph Lee, "Much given to Liquor, and chewing Tobacco." White Pennsylvania Runaways, 1763-1768 (2016)
Boyle, Joseph Lee, "Much given to Strong Liquor, and low company." White Pennsylvania Runaways, 1773-1775 (2017)
Boyle, Joseph Lee, “she snuffs, drinks and smokes”: White Pennsylvania Runaways, 1776-1783 (2017)
Boyle, Joseph Lee, "Sly and Artful Rogues," Maryland Runaways, 1775-1781 (2014)
Boyle, Joseph Lee, “smooth tongued and deceitful”: White New Jersey Runaways, 1767-1783 (2019)
Boyle, Joseph Lee, “Stiles himself a Prize fighter”: New-York Runaways, 1706-1768 (2020)
Boyle, Joseph Lee, “Very impudent when drunk or sober.” Delaware Runaways, 1720-1783 (2014)
Boyle, Joseph Lee, “When drunk is very bold.” White Maryland Runaways, 1763-1769 (2011)
Boyle, Joseph Lee, “much given to Talk and bad Company”: New-England Runaways, 1704-1754 (2020)
Coldham, Peter Wilson, Bonded Passengers to America (1983)
Coldham, Peter Wilson, The Complete Book of Emigrants in Bondage, 1614-1775 (1988)
Dobson, David, Scots in Georgia and the Deep South, 1735-1845 (2000)
Dow, Joseph, History of the Town of Hampton, New Hampshire (Salem, MA: Salem Press, 1893)
Fogleman, Aaron S. "From Slaves, Convicts, and Servants to Free Passengers: The Transformation of Immigration in the Era of the American Revolution" The Journal of American History (Jun. 1998): 43-76.
Gillingham, Harrold E., "Philadelphia Arrivals, 1738," Publications of The Genealogical Society of Pennsylvania, v. 12 (1934)
Heavner, Robert O. "Indentured Servitude: The Philadelphia Market, 1771-1773" The Journal of Economic History, (Sep. 1978): 701-713.
Hiden, Martha W., ed., "Accompts of the Tristram and Jane," The Virginia Magazine of History and Biography, v. 62 (1954)
Haynie, Washington Preston, Records of Indentured Servants & of Certificates for Land: Northumberland County, Virginia, 1650-1795 (1996)
Jervey, Theodore D., "The White Indentured Servants of South Carolina," The South Carolina Historical and Genealogical Magazine, v. 12 (1911)
Lancaster, R. Kent. "Almost Chattel: The Lives of Indentured Servants at Hampton-Northampton, Baltimore County" Maryland Historical Magazine (Fall 1999).
Lawson, Russell M., Servants and Servitude (2018)
"List of Arrivals per 'Pennsylvania Packet,' 1775," The Pennsylvania Magazine of History and Biography, v. 18 (1894)
Marrin, Richard B., Runaways of Colonial New Jersey: Indentured Servants, Slaves, Deserters, and Prisoners, 1720-1781 (2007)
Nelson, William, ed., Calendar of Records in the Office of the Secretary of State, 1664-1703 (Patterson, NJ: Printing Press and Publishing, Co., 1899)
Neible, George W., "Servants and Apprentices Bound and Assigned before James Hamilton Mayor of Philadelphia, 1745," The Pennsylvania Magazine of History and Biography vols. 30 (1906), 31 (1907), 32 (1908)
Nicholson, Cregoe D. P., Some Early Emigrants to America, includes R. Sharpe France, Early Emigrants to America from Liverpool (1965)
Northampton County, Virginia (1662-1677) Tithables
"Record of Indentures of Individuals Bound Out as Apprentices, Servants, Etc. and of German and Other Redemptioners in the Office of the Mayor of the City of Philadelphia, October 3, 1771, to October 5, 1773," The Pennsylvania-German Society Proceedings and Addresses, v. 16 (1905-1907)
Salinger, Sharon V., To Serve Well and Faithfully: Labor and Indentured Servants in Pennsylvania, 1682-1800 (2000)
Smith, Abott Emerson. "The Indentured Servant and Land Speculation in Seventeenth Century Maryland" The American Historical Review (Apr. 1935): 467-472.
Wareing, John, Emigrants to America: Indentured Servants Recruited in London, 1718-1733 (1985)
Wareing, John, Indentured Migration and the Servant Trade from London to America, 1618-1718: 'There is Great Want of Servants' (2016)
Boyle, Joseph Lee, "Apt to get drunk at all Opportunities": White Pennsylvania Runaways, 1750-1762 (2015)
Boyle, Joseph Lee, "Drinks hard, and swears much" White Maryland Runaways, 1770-1774 (2010)
Boyle, Joseph Lee, “Fond of liquor, dancing and gaming”: New-York Runaways, 1769-1783 (2020)
Boyle, Joseph Lee, “Given to drinking and whoring”: White Maryland Runaways, 1720-1762 (2013)
Boyle, Joseph Lee, “great Lovers of Drink.” White New Jersey Runaways, 1720-1766 (2018)
Boyle, Joseph Lee, “He is a person of very ill fame”: New-England Runaways, 1755-1768 (2021)
Boyle, Joseph Lee, “Lazy, loves strong Drink, and is a Glutton”: White Pennsylvania Runaways, 1720-1749 (2015)
Boyle, Joseph Lee, “Much addicted to strong drink and swearing”: White Pennsylvania Runaways, 1769-1772 (2016)
Boyle, Joseph Lee, "Much given to Liquor, and chewing Tobacco." White Pennsylvania Runaways, 1763-1768 (2016)
Boyle, Joseph Lee, "Much given to Strong Liquor, and low company." White Pennsylvania Runaways, 1773-1775 (2017)
Boyle, Joseph Lee, “she snuffs, drinks and smokes”: White Pennsylvania Runaways, 1776-1783 (2017)
Boyle, Joseph Lee, "Sly and Artful Rogues," Maryland Runaways, 1775-1781 (2014)
Boyle, Joseph Lee, “smooth tongued and deceitful”: White New Jersey Runaways, 1767-1783 (2019)
Boyle, Joseph Lee, “Stiles himself a Prize fighter”: New-York Runaways, 1706-1768 (2020)
Boyle, Joseph Lee, “Very impudent when drunk or sober.” Delaware Runaways, 1720-1783 (2014)
Boyle, Joseph Lee, “When drunk is very bold.” White Maryland Runaways, 1763-1769 (2011)
Boyle, Joseph Lee, “much given to Talk and bad Company”: New-England Runaways, 1704-1754 (2020)
Coldham, Peter Wilson, Bonded Passengers to America (1983)
Coldham, Peter Wilson, The Complete Book of Emigrants in Bondage, 1614-1775 (1988)
Dobson, David, Scots in Georgia and the Deep South, 1735-1845 (2000)
Dow, Joseph, History of the Town of Hampton, New Hampshire (Salem, MA: Salem Press, 1893)
Fogleman, Aaron S. "From Slaves, Convicts, and Servants to Free Passengers: The Transformation of Immigration in the Era of the American Revolution" The Journal of American History (Jun. 1998): 43-76.
Gillingham, Harrold E., "Philadelphia Arrivals, 1738," Publications of The Genealogical Society of Pennsylvania, v. 12 (1934)
Heavner, Robert O. "Indentured Servitude: The Philadelphia Market, 1771-1773" The Journal of Economic History, (Sep. 1978): 701-713.
Hiden, Martha W., ed., "Accompts of the Tristram and Jane," The Virginia Magazine of History and Biography, v. 62 (1954)
Haynie, Washington Preston, Records of Indentured Servants & of Certificates for Land: Northumberland County, Virginia, 1650-1795 (1996)
Jervey, Theodore D., "The White Indentured Servants of South Carolina," The South Carolina Historical and Genealogical Magazine, v. 12 (1911)
Lancaster, R. Kent. "Almost Chattel: The Lives of Indentured Servants at Hampton-Northampton, Baltimore County" Maryland Historical Magazine (Fall 1999).
Lawson, Russell M., Servants and Servitude (2018)
"List of Arrivals per 'Pennsylvania Packet,' 1775," The Pennsylvania Magazine of History and Biography, v. 18 (1894)
Marrin, Richard B., Runaways of Colonial New Jersey: Indentured Servants, Slaves, Deserters, and Prisoners, 1720-1781 (2007)
Nelson, William, ed., Calendar of Records in the Office of the Secretary of State, 1664-1703 (Patterson, NJ: Printing Press and Publishing, Co., 1899)
Neible, George W., "Servants and Apprentices Bound and Assigned before James Hamilton Mayor of Philadelphia, 1745," The Pennsylvania Magazine of History and Biography vols. 30 (1906), 31 (1907), 32 (1908)
Nicholson, Cregoe D. P., Some Early Emigrants to America, includes R. Sharpe France, Early Emigrants to America from Liverpool (1965)
Northampton County, Virginia (1662-1677) Tithables
"Record of Indentures of Individuals Bound Out as Apprentices, Servants, Etc. and of German and Other Redemptioners in the Office of the Mayor of the City of Philadelphia, October 3, 1771, to October 5, 1773," The Pennsylvania-German Society Proceedings and Addresses, v. 16 (1905-1907)
Salinger, Sharon V., To Serve Well and Faithfully: Labor and Indentured Servants in Pennsylvania, 1682-1800 (2000)
Smith, Abott Emerson. "The Indentured Servant and Land Speculation in Seventeenth Century Maryland" The American Historical Review (Apr. 1935): 467-472.
Wareing, John, Emigrants to America: Indentured Servants Recruited in London, 1718-1733 (1985)
Wareing, John, Indentured Migration and the Servant Trade from London to America, 1618-1718: 'There is Great Want of Servants' (2016)
some Sources used by members
Acker, E. D., Brief History of the Acker-Halbert Family (Provo, UT: CCLA/GSU, 2000)
Amandus, Johnson, Swedish Settlements on the Delaware, Vol. 2 (Philadelphia: International Print. Co., 1927)
Anderson, Robert Charles, Great Migration (Boston: NEHGS, 2011)
Anderson, Robert Charles, Great Migration Begins (Boston: NEHGS, 1995)
Anderson, Robert Charles, The Winthrop Fleet (Boston: NEHGS, 2012)
Balderston, Marion, "The Real 'Welcome' Passengers," Huntington Library Quarterly 26:1 (Nov. 1962)
Banks, Charles Edward, Planters of the Commonwealth of Massachusetts 1620-1640 (Boston: Houghton Mifflin, 1930)
Barnes, Robert W., Colonial Families of Maryland, Bound and Determined to Succeed (Baltimore: Genealogical Publishing Co., Inc, 2007)
Benson, Jr., Ronald E., "Indenture of John Tripp of Horkstow, Lincolnshire, Boston and Plymouth; and his three New England masters."
Before Germanna magazine (Bountiful, UT: American Genealogical Lending Library, 1990-)
Bolton, Charles Knowles, The Founders (Boston: Boston Athenaeum, 1919-1926)
Boyer III, Carl, Ancestral Lines, 3rd ed., (Santa Clarita, CA: the author, 1998)
Bradford, William, History of Plymouth Plantation
Briggs, Vernon, History and Genealogy of the Briggs Family (Boston: Goodspeed, 1938)
Cavaliers and Pioneers: Abstracts of Virginia Land Patents and Grants, 3 vols. (Baltimore: Genealogical Publishing Co., 1983)
Coldham, Peter Wilson, The Complete Book of Emigrants 1661-1699 (Baltimore: Genealogical Publishing Co., Inc.)
Coldham Peter William, King's Passengers to Maryland and Virginia (Westminster, MD: Family Line Publications, 1997)
Coldham, Peter Wilson, Bonded Passengers to America (Baltimore: Genealogical Publishing Co., Inc., 1983)
Coldham, Peter Wilson, Bristol Registers of Servants Sent to Foreign Plantations 1654-1686 (Baltimore: Genealogical Publishing Co., 1988)
Coldham, Peter Wilson, Settlers of Maryland 1679-1783 (Baltimore: Genealogical Publishing Co., Inc., 2010)
Doliante, Sharon J., Maryland and Virginia Colonials (Clearfield, 2000-2010)
Dorman, John, Adventurers of Purse and Person Virginia 1607-1624/5, 4th ed. (Baltimore: Genealogical Publishing Co., Inc, 2007)
Eaton, Priscilla, The Littlefield Genealogy: Descendants of Edmund Littlefield of Wells, Maine (Waterfield, ME: Maine Genealogical Society, 2020)
Eckert, Allen W., The Frontiersmen (Ashland, KY: Jesse Stuart Foundation, 2001)
Egge, Marion F. , Pennsylvania German roots across the ocean, (Philadelphia: Genealogical Society of Pennsylvania, 2000)
Emigrants from England 1773-1776 (Boston: NEHGR, 1964)
Filby, William P., ed., Passenger & Immigration Lists Index, 1500s-1900s (Farmington Hills, MI: Gale Research, 2012)
Fleet, Beverly, Virginia Colonial Abstracts, Vol 22, Lancaster Co., VA, 1652-1655
French, Elizabeth, List of Emigrants to America from Liverpool, 1697-1707 (Boston: NEHGS, 1913)
Gagne, Peter, King's Daughters and Foundling Mothers, The Filles due Roi, 1653-1673, Vol. 1 (Orange Park, FL: Quinto Publications, 2008)
Genealogies of Virginia Families from the William and Mary College Quarterly Historical Magazine, 5 vols. (Baltimore: Genealogical Publishing Co., 1982)
Genealogist (Salt Lake City: Association for the Promotion of Scholarship in Genealogy, Ltd., Fall 1989), v. 10:2
Hill, Peter, Mayflower Families through Five Generations, Vol. 11, Edward Doty (Plymouth, MA: GSMD, 2009)
History of Bucks County, Pennsylvania (Philadelphia: A. Warner & Co., 1887)
Hotten, John Camden, Original Lists of Persons of Quality (Boston: NEHGS, 2012)
Jacobus, David Lines, and Edgar Francis Waterman, Hale, House and Related Families (Hartford, CT: Connecticut Historical Society, 1952)
Johnson, Caleb, Here Shall I Die Ashore: Stephen Hopkins (Bloomington, IN: Xlivris Corp., 2007)
Jones, George Fenwick, Salzburg Saga: Religious Exiles and Other Germans Along the Savannah (Rockland, ME: Picton Press, 1997)
Jordan, John W., Colonial and Revolutionary Families of Pennsylvania, Vol. 1 (Ft. Wayne, IN: Lewis Publishing Company: 1911)
Kenton, Edna, Simon Kenton: His Life and Period 1755-1836 (1930)
Klaarwater (Clearwater) Families (Ulster County Genealogical Society)
Magruder, Jr., C. C., Colonel Ninian Beall (Washington, D. C.: Society of Colonial Wars in the District of Columbia, 1911)
Maryland State Archives Judicial and Testamentary Business of Provincial Court 1649/50-1657
McCartney, Martha W., Virginia Immigrants and Adventurers 1607-1635 (Baltimore: Genealogical Publishing Co., Inc, 2007)
McCracken, George E., The Welcome Claimants Proved, Disproved and Doubtful (Baltimore: Genealogical Publishing Co., 1970)
Melson, Lewis Byron, The Melson Family in America (privately pub., 1992)
Nelson, William, ed., Patents and Deeds and Other Early Records of New Jersey, 1644-1703 (Baltimore: Genealogical Pub. Co., Inc, 2000)
Newman, Harry Wright, To Maryland from Overseas (Baltimore: Genealogical Publishing Co., Inc, 1982)
O'Brien, Michael J., "Cornelius Merry and Matthew Clesson, Pioneer Irishmen of Northampton, Mass.", Journal of the American Irish Historical Society, Vol. XVII (1918)
Olroyd, Ida May Melson, The Melson Story 1646-2006 (privately pub., 2006)
Onsager, Lawrence W., The St. Clair Family Story of America (Mauston, WI: Lemonweir Valley Press, 2015)
Orange County, Virginia, Order Book 2
Pope, Charles Henry, Pioneers of Massachusetts (Boston: the author, 1900)
Proceedings of the New Jersey Historical Society, 3rd ser., vol. 1 (1896)
Randall, Paul King, Genealogy of a Branch of the Randall Family 1666-1879
Records and Files of the Quarterly Courts of Essex County [Massachusetts], Vol. 1 (Salem, MA: Essex Institute, 1911)
Records of the Governor and Company of the Massachusetts Bay in New England 1628-1686 (Boston: Press of William White, 1853-54)
Rhamy, Bonnelle William, The Remy Family in America 1650-1942 (Ft. Wayne, IN: the author, 1942)
Rupp, I. Daniel, A collection of upwards of thirty thousand names of German, Swiss, Dutch, French and other immigrants in Pennsylvania, from 1727 to 1776 (Baltimore: Genealogical Publishing Co., 1965)
Sewall, Samuel, The History of Woburn, Middlesex County, Mass. (Boston: Wiggin and Lunt, 1868)
Sheppard, Jr., Walter Lee, comp., Passengers and Ships Prior to 1684 (Baltimore: Genealogical Publishing Co., 1970)
Shrouds, Thomas, History & Genealogy of Fenwick's Colony (Woodberry, NJ: Gloucester Co. Historical Society, 1974)
Shurtleff, Nathaniel, Records of the Colony of New Plymouth in New England (Boston: Press of William White, 1855)
Skordas, Gust, ed., Early Settlers of Maryland (Baltimore: Genealogical Publishing Co., Inc, 1968)
Smith, Larry Dennis, Clar: Biography of Johan Simon Clar (Blair Co. Genealogical Society, 1991)
Sparacio, Ruth and Sam, Richmond County, Virginia, Order Book Book Abstracts 1718-1719
Stratton, Eugene Aubrey, Plymouth Colony Its History & People (Salt Lake City, UT: Ancestry Pub., 1986)
Sybel Noyes, et al., Genealogical Dictionary of Maine and New Hampshire (Baltimore: Genealogical Publishing Co., Inc., 1996)
Tepper, Michael, ed., Emigrants to Pennsylvania 1641-1819 (Baltimore: Genealogical Publishing Co., Inc., 1978)
Tepper, Michael, ed. Passengers to America (Baltimore: Genealogical Publishing Co., Inc., 1977)
Thompson, Neil D., Family of Bartholomew Stoval, Vol. 1 (Fort Worth, TX: 1993)
Torrence, William Clayton, Henrico County, Virginia, William and Mary Quarterly, Vols. 24-25
Virginia County Court Records, Deed Abstracts of King George County, Virginia (1735-1752), Deed Book 3 (1743-1752)
Wakefield, Robert S., Mayflower Families through Five Generations, Vol. 7, Peter Brown (Plymouth, MA: GSMD, 2002)
Wareing, John, Emigrants to America, Indentured Servants Recruited in London 1718-1733 (Baltimore: Genealogical Pub. Co., Inc, 1985)
Watauga Association of Genealogists, comp., History of Washington County, Tennessee (Johnson City, TN: Watauga Association of Genealogists, 1988)
White, Elizabeth Pearson, et al., John Howland of the Mayflower (Rockland, ME: Picton Press, 1990) 4 vols.
Wyckoff Association in America, Wyckoff Family in America, Vol. 2 (Baltimore: Gateway Press, Inc., 1983)
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A list of servants identified in the Genealogical Dictionary of Maine and New Hampshire
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